White or red gums can look harmless, but in some cases they point to an underlying problem with your oral health. Healthy gums are usually a pale pink. When they turn white, red, pale or slightly discoloured, that can be a sign that something is off.
Plenty of people only notice the colour change late. Often it comes with other complaints, such as sensitivity, swelling, bleeding or pain when you brush and eat.
In this article we explain:
- What white gums mean
- What red gums mean
- The possible causes
- When to see a dentist
- Which treatments are available
What do white or red gums mean?
When gums turn white, it usually means their blood flow or general health has been affected. This can be temporary, but it can also point to an infection or inflammation.
Red gums are often caused by gum inflammation (gingivitis or periodontitis). When the gums are red, they are usually sore and swollen too, and they bleed easily. Bad breath is common, and in some cases bone loss can set in.
White or red gums often go hand in hand with:
- Swollen gums
- Sensitivity and pain when eating or drinking
- Pain while brushing
- Bleeding gums
- Bad breath (halitosis)
Possible causes of white gums
There are several reasons why gums can turn white.
1. Gum inflammation
Gum inflammation in its early stages can make the gums look pale or whitish. After that they usually turn red and swollen. Bacteria and plaque build up along the gum line and cause irritation.
Caught early, treatment by a dental hygienist can help prevent further damage.
2. Poor oral hygiene
Not brushing or flossing enough can lead to plaque and tartar. This can affect the colour of your gums and bring on discolouration and inflammation.
A professional cleaning removes tartar and helps the gums recover.
3. Fungal infection (oral candidiasis)
A fungal infection in the mouth can cause white patches on the gums and tongue. It is sometimes accompanied by a burning feeling or pain.
4. Periodontal problems
When gum problems get worse, the deeper structures around the teeth can be affected. This can lead to receding gums, bone loss, deep pockets and changes in colour.
In that case, periodontal treatment may be needed.
When should you see a dentist?
Get in touch with your dentist if:
- Your gums stay white or red for a long time
- You have pain or sensitivity
- Your gums bleed
- You have bad breath
- Your gums are swollen
A timely check-up can help head off more serious problems.
Treating white or red gums
The right treatment depends on the cause. Options include:
- Professional dental cleaning
- Deep cleaning of the gums (curettage)
- Treating infections with medication
- Tailored oral hygiene advice
At Skydent we look at the cause first, then draw up a treatment plan that fits your situation.
Book an appointment at Skydent in Leiden
Are your gums looking white, or have you noticed changes in them?
Don’t wait too long. Have your teeth checked by your dentist in Leiden – Skydent.
